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The deterioration of metamorphic serpentinites used in historical architecture under atmospheric conditions

Davide Gulotta, View ORCID ProfileElza Bontempi, View ORCID ProfileRoberto Bugini, Sara Goidanich and View ORCID ProfileLucia Toniolo
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 50, 402-411, 29 September 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2016-133
Davide Gulotta
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Elza Bontempi
Department of Information Engineering, INSTM and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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  • ORCID record for Elza Bontempi
Roberto Bugini
CNR ICVBC ‘Gino Bozza’, Milan, Italy
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Sara Goidanich
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Lucia Toniolo
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Abstract

The use of dark metamorphic stones in architecture is common through the centuries. Such materials were traditionally employed mainly for decorative purposes, both indoor and outdoor, and for architectural cladding. Unfortunately, after prolonged outdoor exposure their characteristic surface colour tends to fade. In the framework of the pilot conservation site of the Renaissance façade of the Cathedral of Monza (Italy), a thorough study of the features and state of conservation of an example of this lithotype, Oira stone, was conducted. This stone was employed during the 19th century restoration of the façade, and the on-site evaluation of the stone blocks after more than a century of exposure showed a distinctive chromatic alteration. The formation of a fragile superficial layer with scaling and detachments was also observed. Samples of the stone were studied using a multi-analytical approach to identify the deterioration mechanisms involved. The results showed that the colour variation is associated with the chemical alteration of the stone, resulting in the selective leaching of magnesium ions from the phyllosilicate structure of the most external material. At the same time, a surface recrystallization of mainly low-ordered SiO2 occurred. The role of chemical leaching by atmospheric interaction in stone discoloration was also investigated by laboratory accelerated ageing of serpentinite specimens.

  • © 2017 The Author(s)

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Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology: 50 (4)
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology
Volume 50, Issue 4
November 2017
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The deterioration of metamorphic serpentinites used in historical architecture under atmospheric conditions

Davide Gulotta, Elza Bontempi, Roberto Bugini, Sara Goidanich and Lucia Toniolo
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 50, 402-411, 29 September 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2016-133
Davide Gulotta
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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  • For correspondence: davide.gulotta@polimi.it
Elza Bontempi
Department of Information Engineering, INSTM and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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  • ORCID record for Elza Bontempi
Roberto Bugini
CNR ICVBC ‘Gino Bozza’, Milan, Italy
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  • ORCID record for Roberto Bugini
Sara Goidanich
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Lucia Toniolo
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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  • ORCID record for Lucia Toniolo

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The deterioration of metamorphic serpentinites used in historical architecture under atmospheric conditions

Davide Gulotta, Elza Bontempi, Roberto Bugini, Sara Goidanich and Lucia Toniolo
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 50, 402-411, 29 September 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2016-133
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