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Landslide costs on the national road network of Laos, with some regional implications

View ORCID ProfileGareth James Hearn, Martin S. P. Kerridge and Phanthoudeth Pongpanya
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54, qjegh2021-023, 8 July 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2021-023
Gareth James Hearn
1Hearn Geoserve Ltd, Worthing, West Sussex, UK
Roles: [Methodology (Lead)], [Data curation (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review and reviewand editing (Equal)]
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  • ORCID record for Gareth James Hearn
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Martin S. P. Kerridge
2LanXang International Ltd, Brighton and Hove, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Investigation (Supporting)], [Methodology (Supporting)], [Writing – original draft (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Phanthoudeth Pongpanya
3Engineering Geology, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
Roles: [Data curation (Supporting)], [Formal analysis (Supporting)], [Investigation (Supporting)], [Methodology (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
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Abstract

Compared to most other countries in south and SE Asia, Laos has a low road network density and low traffic volumes. Much of the road network is located in mountainous terrain where landslides cause regular engineering damage and blockage to traffic. The wet season of 2018 was particularly severe and triggered many landslides that blocked roads for hours, and days in some cases. The cost of clearing these landslides amounted to an average of almost US$5000 per km. Because of the relatively low traffic volumes that use the mountain road network, traffic costs due to road blockage delays are generally significantly lower per kilometre than engineering costs. Nevertheless, economic analysis demonstrates that investments in landslide stabilization measures amounting to an average of US$50 000 for landslides above the road and US$120 000 for those below the road can be economically justified if, without these measures, long and frequent delays would ensue. In certain cases, investments much higher than these can be justified. A priority list for landslide stabilization is developed and outline cost estimates are prepared. Recommendations are made for enhanced landslide management and roadside slope improvement, and a comparison is made between the situation in Laos with that in Vietnam, Bhutan, Nepal and the Philippines. It is concluded that the imperative for investment will be even greater in these countries, and especially in Nepal and the Philippines, on account of the higher incidence of landslide hazards and greater volumes of road traffic.

  • © 2021 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology: 54 (4)
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology
Volume 54, Issue 4
November 2021
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Landslide costs on the national road network of Laos, with some regional implications

Gareth James Hearn, Martin S. P. Kerridge and Phanthoudeth Pongpanya
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54, qjegh2021-023, 8 July 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2021-023
Gareth James Hearn
1Hearn Geoserve Ltd, Worthing, West Sussex, UK
Roles: [Methodology (Lead)], [Data curation (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review and reviewand editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Gareth James Hearn
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Martin S. P. Kerridge
2LanXang International Ltd, Brighton and Hove, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Equal)], [Investigation (Supporting)], [Methodology (Supporting)], [Writing – original draft (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Phanthoudeth Pongpanya
3Engineering Geology, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
Roles: [Data curation (Supporting)], [Formal analysis (Supporting)], [Investigation (Supporting)], [Methodology (Supporting)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
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Landslide costs on the national road network of Laos, with some regional implications

Gareth James Hearn, Martin S. P. Kerridge and Phanthoudeth Pongpanya
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54, qjegh2021-023, 8 July 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2021-023
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • The mountain road network of Laos and its traffic
    • Landslides on the Laos road network
    • Engineering and economic analysis of landslide costs on mountain roads: previous studies
    • The cost of landslides on the Laos road network
    • Landslide stabilization costs
    • Economic justification for investment in landslide stabilization
    • Selection and prioritization of landslide stabilization sites
    • Financing slope improvement and stabilization
    • Recommendations for future practice
    • Regional comparison
    • Conclusions
    • Acknowledgements
    • Author contributions
    • Funding
    • Data availability
    • References
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