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Chalk: all we need is a fracture log!

View ORCID ProfileRory N. Mortimore
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 55, qjegh2021-031, 22 July 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2021-031
Rory N. Mortimore
ChalkRock Ltd, 32 Prince Edwards Road, Lewes BN7 1BE, UK
Roles: [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Lead)]
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Abstract

Chalk fracture logging is reviewed in the context of the broader geology needed to build conceptual ground models. Examples of drilling damaged core illustrate the many issues faced by core loggers including identification of marker beds (marl seams, hardgrounds, flint bands, fossil shell beds) and the ‘interpretations’ necessary to complete a fracture log. Stratabound fractures impart a special style of fracturing to each Chalk formation. Lithology is a key factor in development of fracture style where marl seams control inclined conjugate fracture sets, development of listric growth faults and interbed slides. Lateral changes in lithology and thickness and consequent controls on fracture evolution are related to intra-Chalk tectonic episodes and tectonic setting with onshore interpretations supported by offshore seismic profiles. Strike-slip faults are illustrated in the Chalk cliffs of the Sussex coast. Fracture log reports should highlight special features such as shear zones and use annotated core photographs to illustrate issues requiring discussion.

  • © 2021 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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In this issue

Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology: 55 (1)
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology
Volume 55, Issue 1
February 2022
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Chalk: all we need is a fracture log!

Rory N. Mortimore
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 55, qjegh2021-031, 22 July 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2021-031
Rory N. Mortimore
ChalkRock Ltd, 32 Prince Edwards Road, Lewes BN7 1BE, UK
Roles: [Writing – original draft (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Rory N. Mortimore
  • For correspondence: [email protected]

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Chalk: all we need is a fracture log!

Rory N. Mortimore
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 55, qjegh2021-031, 22 July 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2021-031
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Examples of drilling damaged core and fracture log problems
    • Nodular beds and hardgrounds
    • Fracture zones
    • Fracture fill, staining and mineralization and application of CIRIA grades
    • Identifying marker marl seams and shell beds in destructured chalk-core
    • Identifying flint bands
    • Applying Chalk marker beds to ground models in engineering
    • Fracture distribution in the Chalk
    • Stratabound fractures: vertical joint sets and steeply inclined conjugate fractures
    • A pattern of fractures
    • Interbed sliding and growth faults
    • Strike-slip faults, slickensides, striae and palaeostress studies
    • Tectonics, fracturing and sedimentary history
    • Discussion
    • Conclusions
    • Acknowledgements
    • Author contributions
    • Funding
    • Data availability
    • References
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